Chemical reactions attain a state of equilibrium. These reactions can occur both in forward and backward directions. When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions become equal, the concentrations of the reactants and the products remain constant. This is the stage of chemical equilibrium. This equilibrium is dynamic in nature as it consists of a forward reaction in which the reactants give product(s) and reverse reaction in which product(s) gives the original reactants.

Chemical reactions reach a state of dynamic equilibrium in which the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal and there is no net change in composition

Characteristics of Equilibria

 

1. Equilibrium is possible only in a closed system at a given temperature.
2.  Both the opposing processes occur at the same rate and there is a dynamic but stable condition.
3.  All measurable properties of the system remain constant.